Comprehensive diagnosis and improvement plan to prevent crime and reduce crime in Peru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65598/rps.5966Keywords:
Crime, SDGs, Crime prevention, Preventive strategies, PeruAbstract
Crime is a persistent threat to citizen security in several provinces of Peru, which requires the implementation of comprehensive preventive strategies aligned with Sustainable Development Goal 16, particularly target 16.1. In this context, the objective of this study was to propose a plan to improve crime prevention strategies aimed at reducing crime in the province of Jaén. Methodologically, basic research was developed with a mixed approach and a non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive-propositional design. The stratified probabilistic sample consisted of 121 participants, distributed among prosecutors (n = 14), judges (n = 8), lawyers (n = 28) and police officers (n = 71). Data collection was carried out through surveys with Likert scales, complemented by ten semi-structured interviews. The validity of the instruments was carried out through expert judgment and reliability through Cronbach's alpha coefficient.
The results showed significant deficiencies in crime prevention strategies, highlighting inadequate situational prevention (84.3%), insufficient community prevention (81.0%) and limited social prevention (71.0%), in a context characterized by high levels of emerging crime (80.2%). Based on these findings, a comprehensive intervention plan was designed consisting of eleven components, including video surveillance systems with artificial intelligence, urban redesign under the CPTED approach, LED public lighting, social programs for labor insertion, community strengthening and inter-institutional articulation, which was validated by experts.
It can be said that the implementation of comprehensive, technological, and participatory preventive strategies can contribute significantly to the reduction of multidimensional crime in provincial contexts, promoting safer, more peaceful, and inclusive societies.
Downloads
References
Adeleke, G., Lawal, M., Lanre-Babalola, F., & Akinpelu, T. (2023). Effect of social cohesion on crime control strategies among rural dwellers in Nigeria. Journal of Community Psychology, 51(7), 2697–2711. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.23042
Akpa, E. J. (2024). The role of community policing in crime reduction: Comparative analysis of South Africa and Kenya. Newport International Journal of Current Issues in Arts and Management, 4(1), 121–413. https://doi.org/10.59298/nijciam/2024/4.1.121413
Awoyemi, O., Attah, R. U., Basiru, J. O., & Leghemo, I. M. (2025). A community-policing innovation model to build sustainable trust and effectively reduce crime in urban areas. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation, 6(1), 848–853. https://doi.org/10.54660/ijmrge.2025.6.1.848-853
Benavente, J. M., & Goya, D. (2023). The fear-increasing and fear-decreasing effects of a pilot policy to reduce fear of crime. PLoS ONE, 18(3), e0282461. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282461
Clarke, R. V. (1980). Situational crime prevention: Theory and practice. The British Journal of Criminology, 20(2), 136–147. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjc.a047153
Cornish, D. B., & Clarke, R. V. (1986). The reasoning criminal: Rational choice perspectives on offending. Springer.
Cunill, N. (1991). Participación ciudadana: Dilemas y perspectivas para la democratización de los Estados latinoamericanos. Centro Latinoamericano de Administración para el Desarrollo.
DATACRIM. (2023). Sistema integrado de estadísticas de la criminalidad y seguridad ciudadana. https://datacrim.inei.gob.pe/panel/mapa
Degli-Esposti, M., Coll, C. V. N., da Silva, E. V., Borges, D., Rojido, E., Gomes dos Santos, A., Cano, I., & Murray, J. (2023). Effects of the Pelotas (Brazil) Peace Pact on violence and crime: A synthetic control analysis. The Lancet Regional Health – Americas, 19, 100447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2023.100447
Del Palacio-Gonzalez, A., Hesse, M., Thylstrup, B., Pedersen, M. U., & Pedersen, M. M. (2022). Effects of contingency management and use of reminders for drug use treatment on readmission and criminality among young people: A linkage study of a randomized trial. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 133, 108617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108617
El-Hadedy, N., & El-Husseiny, M. (2022). Evidence-based design for workplace violence prevention in emergency departments utilizing CPTED and space syntax analyses. Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 15(1), 333–352. https://doi.org/10.1177/19375867211042902
Ezikeudu, C. C., Opara, I. J., Okorie, C., Edet, F. F., Eja, T. R., Onyema, O. A., Akwaji, F., Njoku, R. A., Abunimye, S. B., Bassey, U., Odinka, G. E., & Isokon, B. (2024). Views of police and policing: An examination of public views of patrol methods of crime prevention in Southern Senatorial District of Cross River State, Nigeria. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(5), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i5.3967
Hai, N. K. (2024). Theoretical issues on crime prevention. VNU Journal of Science: Legal Studies. https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1167/vnuls.4563
Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of delinquency. University of California Press.
Homel, R. (2021). Developmental crime prevention in the twenty-first century: Generating better evidence embedded in large-scale delivery systems. Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology, 7, 112–125. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40865-021-00163-x
Hong, S., & Lee, C. (2024). Exploring the influence of sociodemographic backgrounds on money mule recruitment types in South Korea: An analysis of probabilities from machine learning classifiers. Deviant Behavior, 45(5), 752–769. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639625.2023.2263611
Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. (2024). Victimización en el Perú, 2015–2023. INEI.
Locke, D., Fix, R., Gobaud, A., Morrison, C., Jay, J., & Kondo, M. (2023). Vacant building removals associated with relative reductions in violent and property crimes in Baltimore, MD, 2014–2019. Journal of Urban Health, 100(4), 666–675. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-023-00758-3
Malapane, T., & Ndlovu, N. (2024). Assessing the reliability of Likert scale statements in an e-commerce quantitative study: A Cronbach alpha analysis using SPSS statistics. In 2024 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS) (pp. 90–95). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS61124.2024.10534753
Mercera, G., Noteboom, F., Timmermans, C., Leijdesdorff, S., Heynen, E., & van Amelsvoort, T. (2024). Sexual exploitation of young men: Background characteristics and needs from a life-course perspective. Child Abuse & Neglect, 152, 106794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106794
Ministerio del Interior. (2021). Política nacional multisectorial de seguridad ciudadana al 2030.
MohammadiGorji, S., Nubani, L., Bosch, S. J., Valipoor, S., & McElhinney, S. (2023). Using space syntax analysis to measure patient aggression risk. Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 16(2), 125–145. https://doi.org/10.1177/19375867231151225
Namwanja, L. L., & Chibomba, K. (2025). An analysis on project cost control mechanism use in project management: A case study on the construction of first-level hospitals in Lusaka. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2025.v07i01.37332
Ocrospoma, L. (2024). Modelo del sistema de seguridad ciudadana y su articulación eficaz en la ejecución de planes para minimizar la criminalidad: Jesús María, 2021–2022 [Tesis doctoral, Universidad San Martín de Porres]. https://repositorio.usmp.edu.pe
Oyewole, O. O. (2024). Unveiling the powers of the ICC prosecutor: Promoting access to justice and accountability through Sustainable Development Goal 16. Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.4314/jsdlp.v15i3.16
PROSEGUR. (2024, noviembre 18). Seguridad en el Perú: El 85 % de la población considera que puede ser víctima de inseguridad ciudadana. https://www.prosegur.com.pe/articulo/sala-de-prensa/seguridad-peru-el-85-poblacion-considera-que-puede-ser-victima-de-inseguridad-ciudadana
Ramdani, F., Hilmiyah, F., & Indriyani, V. (2025). The impact of SPSS on research completion. TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.61445/tofedu.v4i2.338
Rupp, L. A., Bhatia, S., Lee, D. B., Wyatt, R., Bushman, G., Wyatt, T. A., Pizarro, J. M., Wixom, C., Zimmerman, M. A., & Reischl, T. M. (2025). Community-engaged crime prevention through environmental design and reductions in violent and firearm crime. American Journal of Community Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12802
Stolzenberg, L., D’Alessio, S., Kutateladze, B., & Lawson, V. (2024). A comparison of first-time offenders, repeat offenders, and frequent utilizers of the criminal justice system. Journal of Criminal Justice, 94, 102270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102270
Van Elteren, C., Vasconcelos, V. V., & Lees, M. (2024). Criminal organizations exhibit hysteresis, resilience, and robustness by balancing security and efficiency. Scientific Reports, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-68445-0
Watkeys, O. J., Dean, K., Laurens, K. R., Harris, F., Carr, V. J., & Green, M. J. (2022). Familial clustering of birth risk for adverse childhood outcomes. Journal of Perinatology, 42(5), 603–610. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-021-01264-7
Willis, K. A., Hardesty, B. D., & Wilcox, C. (2021). State and local pressures drive plastic pollution compliance strategies. Journal of Environmental Management, 287, 112281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112281
Winter, S. C., Obara, L. M., Aguilar, N. J., & Johnson, L. (2022). Breaking the cycle: Women’s perceptions of the causes of violence and crime in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya, and their strategies for response and prevention. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(19–20), NP17394–NP17428. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605211028013
Yarychev, N., & Nagoeva, M. (2024). Theoretical foundations of crime prevention for persons studying in educational institutions. Gaps in Russian Legislation. https://doi.org/10.33693/2072-3164-2024-17-4-099-103
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Authors retain copyright and transfer to the journal the right of first publication and publishing rights
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Those authors who publish in this journal accept the following terms:
-
Authors retain copyright.
-
Authors transfer to the journal the right of first publication. The journal also owns the publishing rights.
-
All published contents are governed by an Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Access the informative version and legal text of the license. By virtue of this, third parties are allowed to use what is published as long as they mention the authorship of the work and the first publication in this journal. If you transform the material, you may not distribute the modified work. -
Authors may make other independent and additional contractual arrangements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the article published in this journal (e.g., inclusion in an institutional repository or publication in a book) as long as they clearly indicate that the work was first published in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and recommended to publish their work on the Internet (for example on institutional and personal websites), following the publication of, and referencing the journal, as this could lead to constructive exchanges and a more extensive and quick circulation of published works (see The Effect of Open Access).
