Pandemia, sinhogarismo y salud mental

El papel del apoyo social y las relaciones sociales

Autores/as

  • Esteban Sánchez-Moreno Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
  • Iria Noa de la Fuente-Roldán Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6740-649X

Palabras clave:

sinhogarismo, salud mental, apoyo social, relaciones sociales, pandemia, COVID-19

Resumen

Desde la pandemia de la COVID-19, el abordaje de la salud mental y de las dimensiones que contribuyen a su mejora en la población general ha sido un tema especialmente abordado. Este interés ha sido menor con relación a las personas en situación de sinhogarismo. Este trabajo analiza el papel del apoyo social y las relaciones sociales en el impacto de la pandemia de la COVID-19 sobre la salud mental de las personas sin hogar de la Comunidad de Madrid. La investigación sigue una metodología mixta (encuesta a través de cuestionario; n=641 y entrevista en profundidad semiestructuradas; n=18). Los resultados muestran el elevado deterioro psicológico, los bajos niveles de apoyo social y la precariedad relacional de las personas sin hogar. El aislamiento y deterioro se ven vertebrados por la situación residencial, el origen, la edad y el sexo. Además, se obtiene que, a medida que aumentan los niveles de apoyo social, disminuye la probabilidad de su deterioro psicológico. En el mismo sentido, tras la pandemia, el empeoramiento de las relaciones mantenidas con los hijos/as se asocia a peores niveles de salud mental. Estos hallazgos confirman que los aspectos relacionales constituyen elementos clave para la mejora del bienestar psicológico de las personas afectadas por el sinhogarismo.

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Biografía del autor/a

Esteban Sánchez-Moreno, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)

Instituto Universitario de Cooperación y Desarrollo (IUDC-UCM) y Departamento de Sociología: Metodología y Teoría. Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM). Calle de Donoso Cortés, 63. 28015. Madrid (España). Email: essanche@ucm.es

Exclusión social, desigualdades sociales en el ámbito de la salud, envejecimiento, diversidad étnica, redes sociales y apoyo social. Últimas publicaciones: La investigación sobre soledad y redes de apoyo social en las personas mayores: una revisión sistemática en Europa (2023); Loneliness among indigenous people in Chile (2023); Income inequalities, social support and depressive symptoms among older adults in Europe: a multilevel cross-sectional study (2022); From income inequalities to social exclusion: the impact of the Great Recession on self-rated health in Spain during the onset of the economic crisis (2021).

Iria Noa de la Fuente-Roldán, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)

Departamento de Trabajo Social y Servicios Sociales. Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM). Facultad de Trabajo Social. Campus de Somosaguas. 28223. Pozuelo de Alarcón. Madrid (España). Email. i.delafuente@ucm.es.

Desigualdades sociales, sinhogarismo y exclusión residencial. Últimas publicaciones: Una aproximación a la exclusión residencial que afecta a las mujeres migrantes: el sinhogarismo oculto (2023); Mental Health and Homelessness in the Community of Madrid (Spain): The Impact of Discrimination and Violence (2023); La realidad conceptual del sinhogarismo (2023); The Great Recession and Social Exclusion: Homeless People in the City of Madrid (2022); Una aproximación al contexto sociohistórico del sinhogarismo (2022).

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Publicado

2024-01-31

Cómo citar

Sánchez-Moreno, E., & de la Fuente-Roldán, I. N. (2024). Pandemia, sinhogarismo y salud mental: El papel del apoyo social y las relaciones sociales. Revista Prisma Social, (44), 58–83. Recuperado a partir de https://revistaprismasocial.es/article/view/5274